┤動物流 ANIMAL STREAMS├

品牌 (Brand)：Bullyland
年份 (Year)：1973
產地 (Original)：德 (DE)

Bullyland於1973年6月1日由Schleich的前任經理Volkmar Klaus所創立。但是根據Schleich發行的書“Everywhere's a Playground”內容描述，他在家庭糾紛中離開了Schleich的同事。

Bullyland最初在德國施普賴特巴赫(Spraitbach)的一個車庫製作成品，並迅速擴展到國際市場。旗下產品範圍包括史前史生物、野生動物、家畜、還有部分人物 / 漫畫人物。非模型的業務還有製作塑膠模型鑰匙圈。Bullyland成立於1973年6月1日。最初註冊的名字是Bully-Figuren Volkmar Klaus。 1977年公司改名為BULLY GmbH Volkmar Klaus, 1998年又改名為Bullyland Volkmar Klaus。其他的Bullyland公司也在1978年至1984年間陸續成立，例如Bullyland香港公司，Bullyland美國公司，Bullyland斯洛伐克公司等。

旗下的恐龍系列具始於1992年。1997年於德國的Stuttgart自然歷史博物館合作推出了古生物和恐龍一系列產品線，其中包括人類演化。這類產品有mini, 小型，中型等，種類繁多。 2005年，Volkmar Klaus將公司賣給了Thomas Fischer和其他3個人。 2012年1月，Bullyland再次賣給了Arthur Ruland。由於多次轉手，產品也有很多變動。

品牌名稱來源
Klaus先生沒想到在他成立Bullyland的數年後被稱為Bully先生。 Bully在德語中指一種法國的鬥牛犬。 Klaus和他妻子養了7只。可見他們有多喜歡這種寵物犬。所以在公司名稱裡用上Bully就很好理解了。但起初沒有用Bully做為商標，因為有人先用了。後來大約就1995年還是96年開始就用Bullyland這個商標。 Land 代表大陸或樂園的意思，例如Disneyland。

Bullyland的產品....至今個人沒買過XDXDXDXDXD，比較不合喜好...所以沒有辦法作開箱評測。

Bullyland (information from toyanimal.info)
Bullyland was founded June 01 1973 by Volkmar Klaus, a former manager of Schleich. Mr Klaus had been considered the crown prince of Schleich, but according to the Schleich book "Anywhere`s a Playground" he left with a handful of Schleich associates after a dispute in the family.

Bullyland began making figures in a garage in Spraitbach Germany, and quickly expanded to the international market. They have made a number of animal ranges including prehistorics, and produce character/comics figures. Another important part of their model business has been the so called "Werbefiguren", plastic models ( key-rings etc) shaped as company logos.

Mr Klaus first registered the name Bully-Figuren Volkmar Klaus. In 1977 the company was changed to BULLY GmbH Volkmar Klaus (mainly for liability reasons), And in 1998 into Bullyland Volkmar Klaus. Other Bullyland companies were founded already in 1978 and 1984: Bullyland H.K. Ltd. and Bullyland Inc. USA, and later on Bullyland Slowakia. In 2001 it was changed into Bullyland Volkmar Klaus AG In 2010 it was changed from Bullyland AG into Bullyland GmbH

Volkmar Klaus and his wife Jane had no less than 7 French Bulldogs. This breed of dog is called a ”Bully” in German, but they could not use the name, because Steiff ( plush animals) had already registered the name for one of their models.From 1995 or 96 and onwards the name ”Bullyland” was used as the trademark, even if most models were still marked ” Bully”.

Bullyland was owned By Volkmar Klaus until the end of 2005, when he sold to Mr. Thomas Fischer + 3 other partners. In Jan. 2012 it was sold again to Mr. Arthur Ruland.

照片來自於 (photos from bullyland.de)

品牌 (Brand)：CollectA
出品年份 (Release Year)：2016
產品編號 (Item Number)：88773
尺寸 (Size)：12.8cm x9.3cm
喜愛程度（10為滿分）：♥♥♥♥♥ ♥♥♥
產地 (Original)：英(EN)
*此次照片不滿意，未來會補拍

市面上的斑馬模型很多，但論其塗裝/比例而言，我從沒找到自己滿意的模型，這匹細紋斑馬屬於冷門物種，造型無與倫比，亦是我採買的第一匹斑馬，海外獸友ANA曾出過一款非常漂亮的細紋斑馬GK(精品)，雖然本人沒入手，但根據其他網友評測C家的這匹與其相較之下絲毫不遜色(??)。

以往在電視上看到斑馬會誤解牠們是ㄧ種小型馬 (頂多和蒙古馬差不多)，但收到此馬才發現好像不是這樣。查看資料才得知原來細紋斑馬是所有馬科動物中最大的一種，比非洲野驢還大上ㄧ倍，難怪份量感十足，而且頭很大顆，和以往不同的是，此款斑馬是以亮漆噴色，塑膠感較強，材質也比較硬 (這次又買到歪腿馬.看看照片中馬左前腿.CollectA中獎率還挺高的@@)。

細紋斑馬 (資料來自於Wiki百科)
細紋斑馬又名格氏斑馬、狹紋斑馬，是三種斑馬中體型最大的一種。分布於非洲的肯亞和衣索比亞。與其他斑馬相比，細紋斑馬的個子較高，耳較大，斑紋則更加狹窄，差別較為明顯，相對而言，細紋斑馬與驢的親緣關係較接近。細紋斑馬與平原斑馬（普通斑馬）的分布範圍有所重疊。

細紋斑馬在行為上與驢有很多相似之處。比如，成年細紋斑馬會在短期內組成小規模的種群。成年公斑馬以獨居為主，比野驢的範圍小些。目前的狀況為瀕危，面臨的主要威脅來自偷獵。細紋斑馬的皮毛可以在市場上賣到極高的價格。同時棲息地的破壞、人類的干擾以及其他動物的競爭，也是細紋斑馬數量減少的重要因素。目前全世界野外生存的細紋斑馬大約還有2500頭左右。

Grévy's zebra (information from wikipedia)
The Grévy's zebra (Equus grevyi), also known as the imperial zebra, is the largest extant wild equid and the largest and most threatened of the three species of zebra, the other two being the plains zebra and the mountain zebra. Named after Jules Grévy, it is the sole extant member of the subgenus Dolichohippus. The Grévy's zebra is found in Kenya and Ethiopia. Compared with other zebras, it is tall, has large ears, and its stripes are narrower.

The Grévy's zebra lives in semi-arid grasslands where it feeds on grasses, legumes, and browse; it can survive up to five days without water. It differs from the other zebra species in that it does not live in harems and has few long-lasting social bonds. Male territoriality and mother–foal relationships form the basis of the social system of the Grévy's zebra. This zebra is considered to be endangered. Its population has declined from 15,000 to 3,000 since the 1970s. However, as of 2008, the population is stable.

Zebras produce numerous sounds and vocalisations, when alarmed, they produce deep hoarse grunts. Whistling and squealing are made when alarmed, during fights, or when scared or in pain. Snorting may be produced when scared or as a warning. A male will bray in defense of its territory, when driving females, or keeping other males at bay. Barking may be made during copulation and distressed foals will squeal. The call of the Grévy's zebra has been described as "something like a hippo's grunt combined with a donkey's wheeze".To get rid of flies or parasites, they roll in dust, water or mud or, in the case of flies, twitch their skin. They also rub against trees, rocks and other objects to get rid of irritations like itchy skin, hair or parasites. Although Grévy's zebras do not perform mutual grooming, they do sometimes rub against a conspecific.

品牌 (Brand)：PNSO
年份 (Year)：2009 (網友小道消息:2017年9月底時pnso的官方店下架了，據說內部出現管理問題，公司是否倒閉?眾說云云。pnso的人悄悄撤回了之前的10月新品馬門溪龍和阿馬家龍的宣傳海報，看來是兇多吉少。)
產地 (Original)：中 (China)

啄木鳥科學藝術小組是一個純粹的科學藝術研究機構，2009年成立於中國北京，由科學藝術家趙闖和科學童話作家楊楊發起。 2010年6月1日正式宣布官方名稱：啄木鳥科學小組，英文名稱為：Pecking Natural Science Organization，縮寫 PNSO，同時宣布啟動“重述地球”項目，計劃以60年時間創作完成一個全新的地球故事。 2015年6月1日正式更名為：啄木鳥科學藝術小組，英文名稱亦同時變更為：PNSO。

目前,啄木鳥科學藝術小組廣泛與美國自然歷史博物館、芝加哥大學、諾丁漢大學、國際地質科學聯合會、中國科學院、北京大學等全球知名學術機構建立項目合作，為全球數十個知名實驗室提供科學藝術專業支持。作品廣泛發表在《自然》《科學》《細胞》《美國科學院院刊》等全球知名學術期刊，同時為全球知名博物館提供展覽支持，也為包括《紐約時報》《華盛頓郵報》《衛報》《國家地理》、BBC、路透社在內的上千家全球媒體提供版權作品服務。

PNSO是對岸的模型公司，網拍有商家進口少數產品，除了恐龍之外還有少數其他動物(如大象/河馬/犀牛/鯊魚)，由於沒入手過過他們家的產品所以不好評測其水平(獸友們可參考其他網友的評測，非洲象/霸王龍)，看到了PNSO的官圖和實物圖，大家應該對這些產品的細節/結構/塗裝會產生興趣。該公司產品皆為大比例動物，尺寸大歸大，模型實為空心，整體手感偏硬，價格亦算親民，比例控拿來和其他家的獅子老虎等肉食動物擺放在一起應該很搭。然而對岸獸友對此家模型的評測普遍不高:"做工不錯，品控太差"，細節處理不盡完美，想入手的人可能要多多考慮，有興趣的網友可參考一下其他人評價

趁雙十一照顧一下這個涼了的品牌
PNSO難怪會倒啦

PNSO (information from PNSO FB)
PNSO (Pecking Natural Science-art Organization) is a science art creation and research organization, founded by science artist Mr. ZHAO Chuang and fairy tale writer Ms. YANG Yang. Since its founding in 2009, PNSO has been working with numerous top research institutions. Its works and publications cover the areas of fossil restoration, constellation art, mythology research, as well as children's literature and early education. It is now widely recognized as a leading science art institution.

照片來自於 (photos from PNSO FB / animaltoyforum)
官網連結 (official website link)

雕塑家 (Sculptor)：Adam Binder
年份 (Year)：
國籍 (Country)：英 (Uk)

Adam Binder在科茨沃爾德生活/工作，此地豐富多彩的環境為他的創作靈感提供了無限的資源。作為英國著名的野生動物雕塑家之一，Adam以簡單線條和流線型風格描繪動物們的動態神情，精巧地掌握其主題精髓。其作以青銅雕為主，並廣泛流傳在世界各地。

Adam在2010年贏得大衛牧羊人野生動物年度最佳藝術家之殊榮，並在2011年被選為野生動物藝術家協會的成員。大衛牧羊人野生動物基金會成立至今以超過30年，是一個小型的野生動物保護慈善機構，為非洲和亞洲的生態保護相關活動提供資金。以提高世界各地人們對保護和保護野生動物及其棲息地的認識。活動內容包括資助打擊野生動植物犯罪，保護自然地區，揭露瀕危物種的非法貿易...等。

Adam lives and works in the Cotswolds where the bountiful and diverse environment provides endless resource for his inspiration. One of Britain’s leading wildlife sculptors, Adam has a signature fluid style of simple lines and flowing forms depicting both movement and emotion that beautifully captures the essence of his subjects. Working primarily in Bronze with earthy rich patinas, Adam’s work is recognised and collected all over the world.

Adam won the David Shepherd Wildlife Artist of the Year in 2010, and was elected a Member of the Society of Wildlife Artists in 2011. ‘Nature is a wonder and a joy to observe and it’s through my sculpture that I endeavour to connect further with wildlife and capture the character of my subject. While I’m sculpting I feel I’m engaging with the spirit of the animal, sensing it’s subtle movement and suggestion in body language.

For me, nature and sculpture are the perfect marriage. I see repetition in form, line, mass and detail throughout the natural world, sculpted over time but in perfect harmony. Conscious of these patterns, the concept for a sculpture becomes active in my mind and only when the composition, balance and emotion is clear do I begin to sculpt. I want to portray the simplicity of form, smooth flowing lines, natural rhythm and in doing so, free the eye to engage in the detail.

原圖資料來自於adambindersculptures

品牌 (Brand)：Papo
出品年份 (Release Year)：2016
產品編號 (Item Number)：50186
尺寸 (Size)：11.6cm x4.8cm
喜愛程度（10為滿分）：♥♥♥♥♥ ♥♥♥
產地 (Original)：法(FR)

難得購入的PAPO草食物種，通常我很少會買P家的草食動物，因為他們家的草食系比例腿部偏粗。個個活似肌肉猛男，擺放在走骨感風的C家小動物旁重量感十足，獸友HKHollinstone曾經製作過非常漂亮的高角羚一家三口模型，不知PAPO的靈感是與其有所關連?網路上目前似乎沒見到中文獸圈網友分享此款羚羊開箱文，我看了海外網友開箱照後才決定入手，一如往常的油亮風格塗裝，和同時買的亨氏牛羚站在一起還是比較壯碩，毛色偏紅，角的輪廓很明顯。

高角羚 (資料來自於Wiki百科)
高角羚，別名黑斑羚、飛羚，是一種中等體型的羚羊，分佈於非洲東部和南部。高角羚由德國動物學家辛里奇·利希滕斯坦於1812年命名，是高角羚屬的唯一物種，下有高角羚亞種和黑面高角羚亞種。高角羚肩高約70－92厘米，體重約40－76千克，體表覆蓋著光滑而略帶紅棕色的毛。雄性高角羚的角可長達45－92厘米。

高角羚主要在晝間活動，根據地理位置和氣候不同，可能表現出群居性，也可能表現出領地意識。存在三種不同的社會群體：有領地意識的雄性，待交配的雄性群體，雌性群體。高角羚善以跳躍來躲避捕食者，並以其特有的兩種跳躍方式著稱。高角羚的食譜包括各種草、嫩葉和果實。每年雨季結束前，通常是在五月，高角羚會有為期三週左右的繁殖季節。發情的雄性會為了支配地位而爭鬥，獲勝者會向雌性求愛。雌性懷孕期為六至七個月，通常為單胎。幼崽接受哺乳四至六個月，之後年輕的雄性會被趕出群體，加入待交配的雄性群體；年輕的雌性則可以繼續留在本群體中。

高角羚通常在疏林或者疏鬆和熱帶草原間的群落交錯區活動，棲息地靠近水源。高角羚亞種分佈較為廣泛，黑面高角羚亞種的分佈則限於較小的區域中。國際自然保護聯盟將高角羚亞種歸於無危物種，將黑面高角羚亞種歸為易危物種。截至2008年，野生的黑面高角羚僅1000餘隻。

Impala (information from wikipedia)
The impala is a medium-sized antelope found in eastern and southern Africa. The sole member of the genus Aepyceros, it was first described by German zoologist Martin Hinrich Carl Lichtenstein in 1812. Two subspecies are recognised—the common impala, and the larger and darker black-faced impala.

Active mainly during the day, the impala may be gregarious or territorial depending upon the climate and geography. Three distinct social groups can be observed: the territorial males, bachelor herds and female herds. The impala is known for two characteristic leaps that constitute an anti-predator strategy. Browsers as well as grazers, impala feed on monocots, dicots, forbs, fruits and acacia pods (whenever available). An annual, three-week-long rut takes place toward the end of the wet season, typically in May. Rutting males fight over dominance, and the victorious male courts female in oestrus. Gestation lasts six to seven months, following which a single calf is born and immediately concealed in cover. Calves are suckled for four to six months; young males—forced out of the all-female groups—join bachelor herds, while females may stay back.

The impala occurs in woodlands and sometimes on the interface (ecotone) between woodlands and savannahs; it inhabits places close to water. While the black-faced impala is confined to southwestern Angola and Kaokoland in northwestern Namibia, the common impala is widespread across its range and has been reintroduced in Gabon and southern Africa. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies the impala as a species of least concern; the black-faced subspecies has been classified as a vulnerable species, with less than 1,000 individuals remaining in the wild as of 2008.

品牌 (Brand)：CollectA
出品年份 (Release Year)：2016
產品編號 (Item Number)：88757
尺寸 (Size)：9.2cm x 11.5cm
喜愛程度（10為滿分）：♥♥♥♥♥ ♥♥♥♥♥
產地 (Original)：英(EN)

最近一口氣入手好幾隻台灣沒進貨的草食動物，個人認為亨氏牛羚是2016最棒的羚羊，和之前的武廣牛/印度黑羚/藏羚併列為我目前最喜歡的羚羊模型，12-15年C家已出品好幾款經典物種，但是在塗裝方面感覺仍然有一些瑕疵，而這款無論比例/塗裝皆無可挑剔，值得ㄧ提的細節：分模線做在肚子側面，和本體完美結合在ㄧ起，毫無違合感。

亨氏牛羚 (資料來自於Wiki百科)
亨氏牛羚又稱為「四眼狷羚」，這是因牠們那大型的眶下腺。亨氏牛羚肩高100-125厘米及體重80-118公斤。牠們的毛皮是沙褐色的，雄性的毛皮較雌性的為灰，而腹部較淺色及在鼻粱上有白帶。頸背有一層非常厚的皮，當耳朵收起時形成一隆起部份。角呈豎琴形及明顯是環狀角。

亨氏牛羚可以在乾燥的草原上找到。牠們是於暮晨出沒的動物，早上及晚上會牧草。群族包含2-40頭雌羚，並由一頭雄羚所帶領；而5頭雄羚亦會組成單身的群族。整個群族多不會有遷徙，因雄性多是有領地的。當激烈爭鬥時，雄羚會以膝部蹲下，但當摔角時則會以四肢站立。

亨氏牛羚是極危的動物，野生數目約為500-1200頭。於1970年代，數量約為14000頭，但到了1980年代就只有7000頭。亨氏牛羚數目的下降相信是因家牛的競爭及乾旱令疫病漫延。

Hirola (information from wikipedia)
The hirola, also known as Hunter's hartebeest or "Hunter's antelope", is a Critically Endangered antelope species found on the border between Kenya and Somalia. They were discovered in 1888 by the zoologist H.C.V. Hunter only extant member of the genus Beatragus. The global hirola population is estimated at 300–500 animals, there are no hirola in captivity and the wild population continues to decline. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List "The loss of the Hirola would be the first extinction of a mammalian genus on mainland Africa in modern human history."

The hirola is a medium-sized antelope, tan to rufous-tawny in colour with slightly lighter under parts, predominantly white inner ears and a white tail which extends down to the hocks. It has very sharp, lyrate horns which lack a basal pedicle and are ridged along three quarters of their length. As hirola age their coat darkens towards a slate grey and the number of ridges along their horns increases. Hirola have large, dark sub-orbital glands used for marking their territories and give them the name "four-eyed antelope". They have white spectacles around their eyes and an inverted white chevron running between the eyes. The horns, hooves, udders, nostrils, lips and ear tips are black. Males and females look similar although males are slightly larger with thicker horns and darker coats.

The reasons for the historic decline of the hirola are not known but is likely a combination of factors including disease (particularly rinderpest), poaching, severe drought, predation, competition for food and water from domestic livestock and habitat loss caused by bush encroachment as a result of the extirpation of elephants in the hirola's natural range. The Hirola prefers areas that are used by livestock which puts them at increased risk from diseases like tuberculosis.

品牌 (Brand)：CollectA
出品年份 (Release Year)：2016
產品編號 (Item Number)：88767
尺寸 (Size)：11.6cm x4.8cm
喜愛程度（10為滿分）：♥♥♥♥♥ ♥♥♥♥♥
產地 (Original)：英(EN)

距離上次的山藪羚之後，我有很長一段時間沒有發佈動物模型評測相關文章(一方面因為國內動物模型商進口速度太慢，所以現在每隔2年我會一口氣向海外採購動物，等有時間拍照修圖再慢慢上線介紹，轉眼間開站也過了4年，時間過得真快。這隻袋狼原本並不列在採購清單中，雖然歸類為冷門品種卻意外的廣受各大廠商青睞，C家的袋狼應該是目前市售模型掌握度最入木三分的ㄧ款，白色眼線/嘴唇塗裝看起來特別爽眼舒服，小巧玲瓏，臀部的條紋塗裝也很自然，我很少入手C家的肉食動物，總覺得他們家的肉食動物在骨架上比例偏骨感/瘦弱。底氣不足。袋狼育兒袋露出半截幼獸尾巴為亮點之一。顏色與它的母親一模一樣，並帶有深色條紋，可說是相當可愛。

袋狼大大張開嘴巴，現實生活中的袋狼能夠將嘴張開到令人難以置信的120度，儘管它們的咬合力非常弱。肌肉和光滑的皮毛雕刻得非常精美。這組模型無疑的是父母用來教育孩子滅絕動物的良好範例。 CollectA最近出了一些滅絕的動物，例如渡渡鳥、恐鳥和巨大的斯特勒海牛。它們的存在提醒我們人類對其他物種可怕的毀滅能力，除非積極努力改變，否則大家只會看到更多的動物加入入滅絕清單中。

袋狼 (資料來自於Wiki百科)
袋狼，現已全部滅絕，因其身上斑紋似虎，又名塔斯馬尼亞虎，曾廣泛分布於紐幾內亞熱帶雨林、澳大利亞草原等地，後因人類活動只分布於塔斯馬尼亞島。袋狼是近代體型最大的食肉有袋類動物，和其他有袋動物一樣，母體有育兒袋，產下不成熟的幼獸，在育兒袋中發育，為夜行性動物。

1770年英國探險家科克到澳大利亞探險以來，因為被懷疑襲擊羊群，所以被牧民所痛恨，然而多數事件的元兇其實是澳洲野犬。移民們把袋狼視為敵人，認為其為「殺羊魔」，並且在政府的獎賞制度鼓勵下進行大肆屠殺，加上其他因素——可能是疾病，狗的引入，和人類侵佔其棲息地——使其近乎絕跡。1888年塔斯馬尼亞政府更以每隻袋狼頭獎勵1英鎊，鼓勵農民殺死袋狼，此獎金計劃直至1909年停止。

1936年後不斷傳出有酷似袋狼的動物在紐幾內亞襲擊家畜的消息，也有許多目擊者聲稱他們看到袋狼，但卻沒有鐵證可以證明袋狼確實仍存於世。1967年有人在山洞中發現腐爛的動物屍體，經專家證實確為袋狼屍體，但對其是否為新鮮屍體或是多年前留下的乾屍，科學家看法分歧。袋狼是否已經滅絕，不得而知。但目前科學界普遍認為袋狼已經滅絕。

Thylacine (Tasmanian Tiger) (information from wikipedia)
The thylacine was the largest known carnivorous marsupial of modern times. It is commonly known as the Tasmanian tiger (because of its striped lower back) or the Tasmanian wolf. Native to continental Australia, Tasmania and New Guinea, it is believed to have become extinct in the 20th century. It was the last extant member of its family, Thylacinidae; specimens of other members of the family have been found in the fossil record dating back to the late Oligocene.

Surviving evidence suggests that it was a relatively shy, nocturnal creature with the general appearance of a medium-to-large-size dog, except for its stiff tail and abdominal pouch (reminiscent of a kangaroo) and dark transverse stripes that radiated from the top of its back, similar to those of a tiger. The thylacine was an apex predator, like the tigers and wolves of the Northern Hemisphere from which it obtained two of its common names. As a marsupial, it was not closely related to these placental mammals, but because of convergent evolution it displayed the same general form and adaptations. Its closest living relative is thought to be either the Tasmanian devil or the numbat. The thylacine was one of only two marsupials to have a pouch in both sexes (the other being the water opossum). The male thylacine had a pouch that acted as a protective sheath, covering his external reproductive organs while he ran through thick brush. The thylacine has been described as a formidable predator because of its ability to survive and hunt prey in extremely sparsely populated areas.

The thylacine had become extremely rare or extinct on the Australian mainland before British settlement of the continent, but it survived on the island of Tasmania along with several other endemic species, including the Tasmanian devil. Intensive hunting encouraged by bounties is generally blamed for its extinction, but other contributing factors may have been disease, the introduction of dogs, and human encroachment into its habitat. Despite its official classification as extinct, sightings are still reported, though none has been conclusively proven.

購買時間 (Date)：2015
材質 (Material)：那智黑石(Black Nachi Stone)
國籍 (Country)：日 (Japan)
喜愛程度（10為滿分）：♥♥♥♥♥ ♥♥♥♥♥

我在2015年10月時，拜訪了日本關西，順道參觀了那智大社，採購御守及繪馬，八咫烏是在神社旁的黑石鋪所購得之紀念品，去日本前先作足功課，特別選定一定要光顧這家店，ㄧ直以來我對於黑鳥獨有情鍾，黑色礦物雕刻出來的鳥類給人一種難以言諭的神秘感。每隻鳥的型態/嘴長/尺寸都不同，最終挑了這隻嘴巴最尖最長的帶回家。在前往那智大社的陡峭樓梯上，兩旁可見許多紀念品商店都有販售黑石雕刻的商品，這裡生產的那智黑石很有名，用來做成硯台極好，雕刻成各種小動物也是非常的可愛，全日本也僅這一帶有出產。

八咫烏（日語：やたがらす、やたのからす）乃日本神話故事神武東征之際，受高皇產靈神和天照大神之命，從熊野國到大和國為神武天皇帶路的烏鴉，一般描繪為三隻腳的形象。在熊野三山，烏鴉作為「ミサキ」神（神使）受到信仰，日本神話中登場的八咫烏被視為太陽的化身。近世以前常用在起請文的熊野牛玉寶印繪有烏鴉。那智大社是熊野的三大神社之一（熊野三大神社：熊野本宮大社，速玉神社和那智大社），三足鳥（Yatagarasu，八咫烏）被視為神明派遣到熊野三山的使者

"This souvenir shop is half way along the approach to Kumano Nachi Taisha Shrine and Seigantoji Temple. They sell traditional Nachiguro inkstones used for calligraphy, made of Nachiguroishi black stone. Officially designated Wakayama Prefecture souvenirs, these items are of such superb quality that they've been presented to the Imperial family as gifts. The second-generation shopkeeper is recognized as a Wakayama Prefecture master craftsman and has won the Japan Inter-Design Award. The shop is renowned for a kind of inkstone known as the ""Mandala-no-Michi,"" made from a particularly rare variety of Nachiguroishi black stone. Their figurines of owls and the mythical yatagarasu are popular."

雕塑家 (Sculptor)：Loet Vanderveen
年份 (Year)：1921-2015
國籍 (Country)：荷蘭 (Holland)

Loet Vanderveen出生在荷蘭鹿特丹，由於他童年時期的家離動物園非常近，近而發展出Loet對於動物的熱愛。二戰期間鹿特丹在接受炮擊的前的幾個小時，為了民眾安全，荷蘭軍隊接收命令必須射殺當地動物園中的猛獸。動物園以及自家被毀壞這些事件觸動Loet的人生從此步入另一個階段。

隨後他逃離被德軍佔領的荷蘭並抵達英國，在R.A.F.戰爭期間成為威廉明娜女王(荷蘭女王和太上王)的設計師。在戰爭後的前11年曾分別居住在蘇黎世，倫敦和紐約等城市並擔任服裝設計師。但此時他並不滿意自己的的職業，未來的三年中他呆在Fong的私人陶工作室學習到許多關於中國釉技術和調配精細釉料的技術，隨後他將所學應用在未來製作青銅動物雕塑上。

後來Loet Vanderveen離開紐約，在加洲大蘇爾海岸線上距離太平洋1600英尺處建造了一座山頂房屋做為私人工作室，這種環境非常有利於Loet的創造力。他在大蘇爾的第一年投身在建築委員會的陶瓷作品，雕塑牆壁和照明工作等。由於生活在充斥大量的野生動物的偏遠地區加上Loet本身對於動物的熱愛，激發他創造出一系列陶瓷動物。隨後為了塑造出更複雜美麗的形象，開始嚐試以青銅為素材製作動物雕塑。

Loet Vanderveen was born in Rotterdam, Holland. His home was very close to the zoo where during his early years, Loet spent a great deal of his time. It was during this period in life that he developed his love for animals. At night, listening to the sound of wild animals in the zoo, he would fantasize about safaris to Africa...Fantasies which were eventually realized! Hours before the bombardment of Rotterdam the Dutch army was ordered to destroy all of the dangerous species in the zoo. The animals were destroyed as well as his home and these events led Loet into a new phase in his life.

He escaped from occupied Holland and upon his arrival in England he was decorated for valor by Queen Wilhelmina. He served in the R.A.F. during the war. During the first eleven years following the war he lived in Zurich, London and New York working as a fashion designer. He was not satisfied with his profession and a meeting with Fong Chow, then curator of the Far Eastern Department of the Metropolitan Museum in New York, led to private ceramic studies with Fong for the next three years. He learned a great deal about Chinese glaze techniques and applying fine glazes to the correct forms. This knowledge eventually led to applying patinas to bronze animal forms.

Mr. Vanderveen left New York and built a mountain top house and studio 1,600 feet above the Pacific Ocean along California’s remote Big Sur coastline. This environment was very conducive to Loet’s creativity. His first years in Big Sur were spent working on architectural commissions of ceramics, sculptured walls and lighting. Living in a remote area where there was an abundance of wildlife coupled with his love for animals prompted Loet to create ceramic animal forms. Striving for a more sophisticated and graceful image, he ventured into designing animals in bronze. These designs are enhanced by a rich palette of subtle patinas. These uniquely stylized interpretations are appreciated by distinguished worldwide ollectors.

原圖資料來自於reneetaylorgallery

品牌 (Brand)：Maia & Borges
年份 (Year)：1976
產地 (Original)：葡萄牙 (Portuguese)

首先不要問我圖為何那麼醜..因為產品照片真的有夠難找=.=....

台灣人對這個品牌應該感到相當陌生吧？台灣目前並無代理商。Maia＆Borges是葡萄牙的玩具公司(動物其實只佔了產品線的一小部分，除了海底生物還包括水鳥以及水獺/等小型動物)，主打產品為頑皮豹/史奴比等公仔，在80年代中期生產嬰兒玩具，主要出口到歐洲和美國。模型底部印有“M＆B”的LOGO，也是少數產品線依舊留在葡萄牙而沒有轉移到中國的公司。

這家公司因為不做出口貿易，所以他們的產品在與SCHLIECH合作之前很少有人知道。過去幾年M＆B曾經和SCHLIECH合作海洋生物，1996年時SCHLIECH因為沒有海洋動物，但又懶得自己做，於是便找了M＆B合作，S家的海洋生物如:座頭鯨/灰鯨/抹香鯨/鯨鯊這幾隻大塊頭皆出自於他們之手，但在2012年後M＆B轉向與PAPO合作(不知是否有內幕?如設計費沒橋好之類的?)。

SCHLEICH 2013後推出的幾款新海洋動物都是以14為開頭的5位阿拉伯數字排列，但翻看以前的型錄，大家會發現海洋動物是都是以16為開頭，有在追蹤SCHLEICH 新品的人可能發現這些新品給人的感覺就是僵直，少了點靈氣。14為開頭的海洋動物只是短暫的推出了3年，於2008年集體停產。

Maia & Borges的產品並不貴甚至可說是平價親民..海洋生物在動物模型界蒐集者中算冷門小眾，而鯊魚鯨魚這類流線形的生物特別難做，他們家的海洋生物“素模”做得相當漂亮，買回家重塗肯定隻隻精品，M＆B自己生產的座頭鯨比他們幫SCHLEICH生產的要小一倍(只佔了SCHLEICH座頭鯨60%左右大小)。

Maia & Borges (information from toyanimal.info)
Maia & Borges is a Portuguese company which manufactures PVC figures, mostly for export.In the mid-80s, they produced Muppet Babies PVC figures; these were exported to Europe and to the United States. The figures are marked with the letters "M&B" and/or state that they are made in Portugal. All the figures are part of either the Applause PVC line or Schleich line.

官網連結 (official website link)
照片來自於 (photos from toyanimal.info)

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